Comprehensive Guide to B Splints: Usage, Care, and Maintenance

Last updated: 20th November 2024

Written by: Dr Zaeem Jafri

A B splint is a specialised type of dental guard featuring a ramp in the anterior (front) section. Its primary function is to prevent the back teeth from touching, thereby reducing jaw joint and muscle pressure and protecting teeth from wear caused by grinding and clenching.

This guide will provide detailed information about B splints, including:

  • How to use them properly

  • How to keep them clean

  • How often they need replacing

What Is a B Splint?

A B splint is a custom-made dental appliance designed to cover either the front teeth (partial coverage) or all the teeth (full coverage) on the upper or lower arch. It features an anterior ramp that prevents the posterior (back) teeth from coming into contact during sleep. This design serves several crucial purposes:

  • Reduces Jaw Pressure: By preventing back teeth from touching, it alleviates pressure on the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and associated muscles.

  • Prevents Tooth Wear: It protects teeth from the damaging effects of bruxism (teeth grinding) and clenching.

  • Promotes Muscle Relaxation: The anterior ramp encourages the jaw muscles to relax, reducing facial pain and discomfort.

Types of B Splints

There are two types of B splints:

  • Partial Coverage: Covers only the front teeth, minimising the amount of material in the mouth and reducing potential discomfort.

  • Full Coverage: Covers all the teeth in the arch, providing more extensive protection and stability.

B splints are most commonly made for the upper teeth, fitting over the upper arch to prevent the back teeth from touching. However, if the splint places too much pressure on the lower front teeth, a lower arch splint can be made in addition to the upper one to help redistribute the grinding forces.

Full coverage B Splints on both arches

Partial coverage B Splint for upper teeth

How to Use a B Splint Properly

Insertion and Removal

  • Insertion: Gently place the B splint over your teeth, ensuring it fits snugly. The splint should gently snap into place with a bit of pressure but it shouldn’t need to be forced on. Your dentist should have made sure the fit is okay before giving you your B splint.

  • The ramp on the front should sit comfortably against your front teeth.

  • Removal: Carefully lift the splint off your teeth without twisting or bending it to prevent damage. The best way is to unclip it from the back on both sides and then take it off at the front.

When to Wear It

  • Nighttime Use Only: Wear your B splint during sleep. Extended daytime use is not recommended due to the risk of developing an open bite from prolonged pressure on the front teeth. This is very important!

Regular Check-Ups

  • Dental Visits: Attend all scheduled dental appointments to monitor the effectiveness of the splint and make necessary adjustments.

  • Bring your B splint with you; your dentist or hygienist can make sure it is still okay to use, and they may also offer to clean it for you in their ultrasonic machines.

Risk of developing an Open Bite

Wearing a partial coverage B splint beyond the recommended nighttime hours can lead to changes in your bite alignment, specifically an open bite—a condition where the front teeth no longer meet properly when your jaws are closed. This occurs because prolonged pressure from the splint's anterior ramp on the front teeth can cause them to shift position over time.

Why It Happens

  • Tooth Movement: Teeth can move slightly when consistent pressure is applied. The anterior ramp of the B splint applies pressure to the front teeth to keep the back teeth apart.

  • Muscle Adaptation: Extended use of the splint can alter the natural position of your jaw muscles. The muscles may adapt to the new positioning, leading to changes in how your teeth align when you bite.

  • Altered Bite Mechanics: By continuously preventing the back teeth from touching, the splint can cause the posterior teeth to slightly erupt or elongate, further contributing to an open bite.

How to Prevent It

  • Limit Usage to Nighttime: Only wear the B splint during sleep as prescribed. Avoid daytime use unless specifically instructed by your dentist.

  • Regular Dental Check-Ups: Attend all scheduled appointments so your dentist can monitor your bite alignment and make necessary adjustments to the splint.

  • Monitor for Changes: Be vigilant for any changes in your bite or how your teeth meet. If you notice any differences, contact your dentist promptly.

  • Proper Fit: Ensure that your splint fits correctly and doesn't apply excessive pressure on the front teeth. If it feels uncomfortable or too tight, consult your dentist for a refitting.

  • Follow Professional Advice: Adhere strictly to the guidelines provided by your dental professional regarding the use and care of your B splint.

If you are worried about developing an anterior open bite, then you may wish to ask your dentist to provide you with full coverage upper and lower B splints as these will help retainer the position of your teeth.

How To Look After Your B Splint

Cleaning your B splint (bite splint) regularly is essential to maintain its effectiveness and to ensure good oral hygiene. Here's how you can properly clean and care for your B splint:

Daily Cleaning

  • Rinse After Use: Every morning after removing your splint, rinse it under lukewarm water to remove saliva and debris.

  • Gentle Brushing: Use a soft-bristled toothbrush exclusively for your splint. Gently brush all surfaces using mild, non-abrasive liquid soap. Avoid using toothpaste, as it can be abrasive and scratch the splint.

  • Thorough Rinsing: Rinse the splint thoroughly to remove all soap residue.

Weekly Deep Cleaning

  • Soak in Cleaning Solution: Once a week, soak your splint in a denture or retainer cleaning solution to disinfect it and remove any buildup.

  • Instructions: Follow the manufacturer's guidelines for dilution and soaking time.

  • Rinse After Soaking: After soaking, rinse the splint thoroughly with water.

Proper Storage

  • Dry Completely: Before storing, let your splint air dry completely to prevent bacterial growth.

  • Use a Ventilated Case: Store it in a protective case with ventilation holes to allow air circulation.

  • Avoid Heat Exposure: Keep the splint away from direct sunlight and heat sources, which can warp the material.

Handling Precautions

  • No Hot Water: Always use lukewarm or cool water. Hot water can distort the shape of the splint.

  • Avoid Harsh Chemicals: Do not use bleach, alcohol-based cleaners, or other harsh chemicals that can damage the splint.

  • Skip Toothpaste: Toothpaste is abrasive and may scratch the surface, creating places for bacteria to thrive.

Regular Inspection

  • Check for Wear and Tear: Look for cracks, rough spots, or changes in fit.

  • Consult Your Dentist: If you notice any issues or discomfort, contact your dentist for advice or replacement.

Maintain Oral Hygiene

  • Brush and Floss Before Use: Clean teeth reduce the amount of bacteria transferred to the splint.

  • Routine Dental Check-ups: Regular visits to your dentist will ensure both your teeth and splint remain in good condition.

Additional Tips

  • Avoid Colored Soaps: These may stain your splint.

  • No Dishwasher Cleaning: The high heat can warp the splint, and detergents may be too harsh.

  • Label Your Case: If you have multiple dental appliances, labeling can prevent mix-ups.

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